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2012/10.2, October 24 — Edge Treatments, Deck Integrity, Hillside Gymnastics and more


    October 10, 2012                                                                                                           www.watershapes.com

Steve Sandalis on Pond Edges
ESSENTIAL

Softening Edges


Among all of the elements defining superior naturalistic watershapes, accomplished pond/stream specialists know that edge treatments are generally what separates great work from the ordinary.  Here, watershaper Steve Sandalis highlights these transitions, sharing techniques he uses to soften edges and create areas where grassy verges, plants, beaches and rocks combine to make impressions in various and seamlessly beautiful ways. 


This article, originally published in January 2010, has been digitized for all readers.  Once you click ‘more’ on the next screen, you can zoom in on images to study the craftsmanship in detail.  [continue]
 

Paolo Benedetti on Proper Concrete Deck Construction

FEATURE ARTICLE

Integrity on Deck


Building concrete decks should never be a casual endeavor, says Paolo Benedetti.  As he discusses here, there’s far too much that can go wrong if the installer isn’t curious about the underlying soil and doesn’t really know what’s involved in doing things right.  [more]
 

Randy Beard on Difficult Hillsides
VIDEO GALLERY

Hillside Gymnastics


When you build on a hillside, observes Randy Beard, you need to be armed with more than guts, experience and the equipment required to do the job.  That all helps, of course, but as this video shows, what you really need is detailed information about what’s going on below the surface.  [more]

WATERSHAPES WORLD

Time and Tide


As he was making final plans for the next national pool/spa expo, a question asked of Jim McCloskey started him thinking about the passage of time, the perspective that comes with experience and the importance of getting out to see people face to face.  [more]
 

The Naked Truth Exposed!  

BRITS GO OFF THE DEEP END
FOR NATURIST SWIMMING  [more]

Ron Gibbons on Fiberoptic Pool Lighting

PLATINUM REFLECTIONS

Stars on the Wetlands


If there was ever a project that underscored the notion that ‘backyard swimming pools’ aren’t what they used to be, this one by Ron Gibbons is it:  Built with a dizzying range of functional and aesthetic features, the project was the combined effort of a client and a gifted designer/builder.  [more]
 

Gateway Geyser, aerial view
 TRAVELOGUE
 
Gateway Grandeur

Eero Saarinen’s Gateway Arch is a dominant feature of the St. Louis skyline, but Jim McCloskey has always felt a greater affinity for the Gateway Geyser — a fountain that matches its sweeping, metallic counterpart for height as well as serene majesty.  [more]

WaterShapes Classic -- five-year logo   

WATERSHAPES CLASSIC 

Learning to Say ‘No’


Five years ago, Bruce Zaretsky expressed the notion that watershapers and other professionals needed to have the gumption to say ‘no’ to clients. Is that still possible in the here and now?  [more]

 

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 

University Drops Longstanding
Student Swimming Requirement 



Many water-related stories have been in the news of late – including reports connected to the three questions below. 

  

 
 
1.  Which Midwestern university announced that its undergraduate students will no longer have to pass a swim test in order to graduate?   
a.  Michigan State University                           c.  University of Chicago     
b.  University of Nebraska                               d.  Iowa State University  
 
2.  Several people who swam off Boulder Beach on Hoover Dam’s Lake Mead developed a rash similar to the one caused by poison ivy; the condition, schistosomiasis, is commonly called “swimmer’s itch.”  What did the National Park Service suspect was to blame for the outbreak?
 
a.  Parasites in the feces of infected waterfowl
b.  A floating water plant closely related to poison ivy
c.  An unusually large population of mosquitoes at the lake
d.  Chemicals that may have been discharged from Hoover Dam 
 
3.    An 18-year-old swimmer has already broken the world record in the 200-meter breaststroke set at the London Olympic Games by Daniel Gyurta of Hungary.   What country is the teenage swimmer from?   
 
a.  Hepatitis C    b.  Clinical depression    c.  Agoraphobia    d.  Body dysmorphic disorder 


 
To find out how many you got right, click here

 

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2012/10.1, October 10 — Landscape Lighting, Penny Pinching Woes, Fish-Friendly Ponds and more

  October 10, 2012                                                                                                            www.watershapes.com


ESSENTIAL

The Science of Lighting


When designed and installed properly, a landscape lighting system enables clients to enjoy their watershapes and landscapes well after the sun goes down.  But achieving those satisfactory results, says lighting expert Mike Gambino, requires an understanding not only of the aesthetics of lighting design, but also an appreciation of the technology behind the beauty and an ability to lay components out in ways that electrically balance the system.
 
This article, originally published in February 2008, has been digitized for all readers.  Once you click ‘more’ on the next screen, you can zoom in on images to study the craftsmanship in detail.    [continue]

FEATURE ARTICLE

The Pitfalls of Pinching Pennies


When homeowners try to lower costs by purchasing stone, tile and other materials on their own, observes Paolo Benedetti, quite often they will find that their savings are undercut by things that can get off track as the construction process unfolds.  Here’s a look at the reasons why.   [more]


VIDEO GALLERY

Home, Sweet Home
Even  ponds of relatively modest size can be perfectly satisfying for homeowners, notes Mike Gannon.  But it takes experience, skill and planning to make them just as as agreeable to fish and plants, as this informative video demonstrates.  [more]

WATERSHAPES WORLD

A Campaign Apart


At a point when we’ve all had just about enough of political campaigning, writes Jim McCloskey, the National Swimming Pool Foundation has put in a pitch for a different kind of donation — this one dedicated to the cause of swimming education for children and adults all across the nation.  [more]

The Power of the Human Will…   LIMBLESS AUSSIE DIVES INTO POOL, GETS OUT BY HIMSELF  [more]

TECHNICAL BRIEFING 

Hydraulics in Hot Water

Designing for hydraulic balance and efficiency is critical for any watershape, but nowhere is it more important or more challenging than with inground concrete spas.  You can knock the challenge down to size, says Steve Gutai, by paying close attention to the fundamentals.  [more]

 TRAVELOGUE

A Slithering Treat

Ever since its water first flowed in 1971, the Vaillancourt Fountain in San Francisco has been controversial and subject to periodic calls for demolition.  So see it while you can, says Jim McCloskey, because it’s a spectacular work of public art and well worth a trip to the Embarcadero.  [more]

  

WATERSHAPES CLASSIC 

Professional Relations

Ten years back, Stephanie Rose wrote about the importance of forming networks of professional contacts.  Have events and realities of the past decade done anything to alter the validity of her comments?  [more]

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 

Investigating an Olympic 
Swim Team’s ‘Troublesome Culture’     

 
Many water-related stories have been in the news of late – including reports connected to the three questions below.   
 
 
1.  Swimming officials in one English-speaking country are looking into “reports of a troublesome culture in the current [Olympic swim] team, and allegations of bullying young swimmers, favouritism for others and disturbing pranks that undermined the team’s morale at its staging camp in Manchester during preparations for the London Olympics.” Which country is it?  
 
a.  New Zealand            b.  Australia            c.  Canada            d.  U.K.  
 
2.  A well-known Mexican vacation destination has become a major magnet for tourists who want to swim with whale sharks. (Although they grow up to 50 feet in length and are the world’s largest fish, whale sharks are gentle creatures that pose no threat to humans.) Which vacation destination is it? 
 
a.  Mazatlan           b.  Acapulco           c.  Puerto Vallarta           d.  Cancun 
 
3.    An 18-year-old swimmer has already broken the world record in the 200-meter breaststroke set at the London Olympic Games by Daniel Gyurta of Hungary.   What country is the teenage swimmer from?   
 
a.  China              b.  Russia              c.  Japan              d.  USA 
 
To find out how many you got right, click here
 

 

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2012/9.2, September 19 — Cima del Mundo, Pond Revisions, Dancing Water Wall and more

 

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SEPTEMBER 19,  2012 www.watershapes.com

Mackenzie essential art

ESSENTIAL
A Classic Crescendo
 
For the best part of four years, landscape architect/contractor/ watershaper Mark Holden devoted much of his professional energy to the creation of magnificent settings for Cima del Mundo, a grand estate high in the hills of Montecito, Calif.  In two previous articles, he wrote about the nuts and bolts of the multi-phase project.  Here, he steps back and offers a pictorial celebration to mark its completion. 
 
This article, originally published in July/August 2002, has been digitized for all readers.  Once you click ‘more’ on the next screen, you can zoom in on images to study the craftsmanship in detail.   [continue]
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WATERSHAPES.COM
Pardon Our Dust!
 
In relaunching watershapes.com last month, we ran into a strange twist with email addresses and have learned that many of you did not receive our last two newsletters.  Please accept our apologies if you were among those we left out: Just click here to gain access to the missing editions!   [more]
 

WS Site Screen Shot

PONDCRAFT
Rethinking a Pond? 
 
Winter is a great time, says Ed Beaulieu, to start thinking about ways to upgrade and improve a backyard pond.  Here’s a little guidance in deciding what can be done, starting with the pond’s physical dimensions and moving on to consider a list of other possibilities.  [more]

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VIDEO GALLERY
Making Water Dance
 
Lots of his clients have seen elaborate water walls during their travels, notes Randy Beard, and want him to re-create scaled-down versions of them for their own backyards.  That’s a tall order, he says — but one that’s doable with a bit of ingenuity.  [more]

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WATERSHAPES WORLD
Thinking Video
 
If the last ten years of project documentation was all about the acceptance and ascendency of digital photoghraphy, asks Jim McCloskey, is it likely that the next ten years will be all about the emergence of easy digital video recording?  [more]
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RIPPLES
Could it Happen in the U.S.?
Lady Gaga Closes Stockholm
Hotel Pool for Romantic Tryst  [more]
 
 

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TRAVELOGUE
Encircled Perfection
 
Philadelphia’s Logan Circle boasts a spectacular fountain with a storied pedigree.  But there’s a simple elegance to it, writes Jim McCloskey, that befits its position at the core of a long, distinguished boulevard of museums and other cultural attractions.  [more]

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WATERSHAPES CLASSICS
Witnessing Transitions
 
Watershapers who proclaim a quality approach must back it up with quality performance, wrote Brian Van Bower in September 2007.  Is there any leeway today?   [more]

Test Your Knowledge logo

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Blind U.S. Navy Swimmer
Wins Paralympics Gold

Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1.  At the 2012 Paralympics in London, blind U.S. swimmer Navy Lt. Brad Snyder won a gold medal in which of the following events?  

 
a. 400-meter freestyle          b.  50-meter backstroke
c. 100-meter butterfly           d.  200-meter breaststroke
 
2.  A community swimming pool in Chikkaballapur district (state of Karnataka), India, which opened only a year and a half ago to great praise, has already been closed. Why? 
 
a. Inadequate water supply for filling the pool 
b. Substandard work when the pool was built
c. Lack of maintenance and poor accompanying facilities
d. All of the above
 
3. After one Texas city discovered a $330,000 surplus in its municipal budget, it dedicated most of the money — $211,000 — to keeping five community pools open five days a week instead of two. Which city was it? 
 
a. Houston    b.  Dallas   c.  San Antonio   d.  El Paso
 
To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/9.1, September 5 — Integrated Views, Pond Fixes, Balboa Park and more

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2012/8.2, August 22 — Front-Yard Design, Aquatic Plants, Halprin Fountain and more

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SEPTEMBER 5,  2012 www.watershapes.com

Mackenzie essential art

ESSENTIAL

Integrated Views

A spectacular site is often the foundation for extraordinary watershapes and landscapes, observes Melanie Mackenzie – and that certainly proved to be the case with this project.  As seen here, she built upon elements suggested by the site and its surroundings to develop a fully integrated approach that ties the front and rear yards together in ways that delight the eye, cheer the spirit and encourage the contemplation of distant horizons.

This article, originally published in August 2007, has been digitized for all readers. To access the full text and images, click here. 

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PONDCRAFT

When Ponds Leak

It’s a simple fact:  Even the best-laid pond will sometimes spring a leak.  When that happens, writes Dave Kelly, it’s time to proceed through the entire system from end to end to ensure that whatever repairs you make will really do the job.  [more]

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WATERSHAPES.COM

Navigating Our New Web Site 

Here’s a quick tour to the features of the brand-new WaterShapes.com web site, including the pull-down toolbar as well as other new features found on the home page.  It’s a new beginning  and the springboard to a great future!  [more]

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VIDEO GALLERY

Blast from the Past

For generations, pool-industry marketers have looked for ways to reach out to consumers, says Vance Gillette.  That’s why this old video caught his eye:  It may be grainy and faded, he writes, but its message is as current as today’s news.  [more]

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WATERSHAPES WORLD

A Full Plate

The early part of the year was filled with action on the education front, notes Jim McCloskey  and it seems that the seeds planted then will be bearing wonderful fruit in the form of three big events taking place this September and October.  [more]

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RIPPLES

Congressman in Unholy Hot Water!
BELATED APOLOGY FOR BOOZE-FUELED
SKINNY-DIPPING IN THE SEA OF GALILEE  [more]
 
 

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TRAVELOGUE

A Walk in the Park

San Diego’s Balboa Park is a treasure  one made all the more special for watershapers, reports Jim McCloskey, through the presence of a great fountian and, even more so, a huge lily pond teeming with plants, fish and amazing stories.  [more]

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WATERSHAPES CLASSICS

Chromatic Virtues

In September 2002, David Tisherman began his ‘Details’ columns with a simple declaration:  Color is amazing.  Was this news to you ten years ago?  [more]

 

Test Your Knowledge logo

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Swimmer Ruled Eligible to
Compete in Paralympics

Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1.  At the 2012 Paralympics in London, swimmer Victoria Arlen initially was ruled ineligible to participate by the International Paralympic Committee because, according to a report on USAToday.com, “Arlen’s impairment no longer fit a classification for competition.” That IPC decision was reversed on appeal, and the swimmer was deemed eligible. What country is Arlen representing? 

        a. Canada                   b.  United Kingdom    
        c.  United States        d.  Australia
 
2.  U.S. Paralympic swimmer Navy Lt. Brad Snyder is the world’s top blind swimmer in three freestyle distances (50-, 100- and 400-meters). How did he lose his eyesight? 
 
        a.  An explosion in Afghanistan            
        b.  An explosion in Iraq 
        c.  An accident on an aircraft carrier    
        d.  A training mishap in the U.S. 
 
3. According to Wikipedia, swimmers at the Paralympics “are classified according to the type and extent of their disability.” Which condition is not included in the list of physical disabilities for Paralympic swimmers? 
 
        a. Single or multiple limb loss    b.  Cerebral palsy 
        c.  Dwarfism                                    d.  Blindness 
 
To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/8.1, August 8 — Stellar Reflecting Pool, Pond Tips, Japanese Inspiration and more

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AUGUST 22 2012 www.watershapes.com

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ESSENTIAL

Suburban Spaces

You really can find opportunities in unexpected places, insists Mehrnoosh, a Los Angeles architect and designer who enjoys making refined aesthetic statements in previously plain suburban environments. To illustrate her point, she takes us to a project in a modest neighborhood to define how simple architectural and landscape elements – and water – can bring elegance and tranquility to otherwise overlooked and under-appreciated spaces.

This article, originally published in March 2006, has been digitized for all readers. To access the full text and images, click here.

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PONDCRAFT

Getting into Aquatic Plants

The impulse to install a pond often starts with a desire to raise fish, notes Brian Helfrich.  But once work starts with the greenery required to keep the ecosystem in balance, he says, it’s clear the owner has found upon two great hobbies instead of one.   [more]

 

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VIDEO GALLERY

A Distinctive Hybrid

Getting things done with a watershape-construction project sometimes involves taking risks. But as Randy Beard demonstrates in this video, creative solutions to a problem are one thing, while having the nerve to implement them can be quite another.  [more]

 

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WATERSHAPES WORLD

Drum Roll, Please!

After many months of intense effort, the new WaterShapes.com has taken flight. Here, Jim McCloskey offers a brief introduction to the relaunched site and its broader audience and casts forward to a bold, digital future.  [more]

 

Ripples art

RIPPLES

Apples, Oranges and Cumquats:
IS MICHAEL PHELPS THE GREATEST
OLYMPIC ATHLETE OF ALL TIME?  [more]
 

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TRAVELOGUE

Rough-Hewn Elegance

If your travels ever take you to the Pacific Northwest, says Jim McCloskey, no visit to Portland, Ore., is complete without a pilgrimage to see the roiling glory of one of Lawrence Halprin’s greatest urban achievements: the Ira Keller Fountain.  [more]

 

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WATERSHAPES CLASSICS

Straight Talk

Back in 2007, Bruce Zaretsky made a case for balancing the drive to financial success with a focus on quality and creativity.  Is this still a reasonable discussion in times of lingering economic uncertainty?  [more]

 

Test Your Knowledge logo

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Swimming Lake Michigan To Raise Public Awareness

Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. A married couple recently attempted — unsuccessfully — to swim across Lake Michigan to raise public awareness about what condition?

a. Autism
b. Schizophrenia
c. Postpartum depression
d. Bipolar disorder.

2. A 25-year-old British man was arrested for peering over the toilet cubicles of a Leeds sports center to watch an Olympic women’s swimming team change clothing for a training session. (As of this writing, the convicted Peeping Tom is awaiting sentencing.) What country was the team from?

a. India
b. China
c. The Netherlands
d. Peru.

3. Tragically, two more children have died from Naegleria fowleri after they went swimming in Lily Lake in Stillwater, Minnesota. What is the common name for Naegleria fowleri?

a. Parasitic reed worms
b. Invasive water flies
c. Lung-eating bacteria
d. Brain-eating amoeba.

To find out how many you got right, click here.

August 8, 2012 WATERSHAPES.COM

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Parents Become Chum for Critics!  Is Letting Your 5-Year-Old Swim with Sharks a Responsible Thing to Do?  [more]
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Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. No sooner had speculation spread through the London Games that 16-year-old Chinese swimmer Ye Shiwen’s seemingly superhuman performances in the pool might have been too good to be true, than a former Chinese Olympic doctor insinuated a certain American swimmer may have been guilty of doping. Which U.S. swimmer did Dr. Chen Zhanghao point a finger at?

a. Ryan Lochte b. Michael Phelps
c. Missy Franklin d. Rebecca Soni

2. Among a number of impressive achievements at the London Games, Michael Phelps became the first male swimmer in history to win the gold medal in the same individual event at three successive Olympics. What was the event?

a. 200-meter breaststroke b. 200-meter freestyle
c. 400-meter individual medley d. 200-meter individual medley

3. According to the Web site geeksugar.com, the Olympic swimming pool at the London Aquatics Center “was designed to help facilitate some of the fastest times the sport has ever seen.” Among other things, the report notes, “The bottom of the London Pool has a movable floor. During the games, it will sit about ___ feet deep to negate the waves that swimmers will create while moving through the pool.” Fill in the blank.

a. 8 b. 9 c. 10 d. 12

To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/7.2, July 25 — Whimsical Design, Vanishing Edges, Inspiring Waterfalls and more

July 25, 2012 WATERSHAPES.COM

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TOPLESS IN SEATTLE:
FEMALE CANCER SURVIVOR FIGHTS CITY POOL’S SWIMSUIT DRESS CODE
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Swimming Australia Cancels Pre-Olympics
Swim Meet Due to Outbreak of Illness

Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. Swimming Australia canceled a pre-Olympics swim meet in the nation’s capital, Canberra, after two Olympic female water polo players were diagnosed with what illness?

a. Measles b. Mumps c. Whooping cough d. Shingles

2. A man in this Midwestern city allegedly entered the pool area of an apartment complex and shot two men with shotgun pellets. The suspect and the victims all left the scene — although one of the victims later showed up at a local hospital. Where did this incident take place?

a. Chicago b. Bloomington, Ind. c. Wichita, Kan. d. Dayton, Ohio

3. According to ottawacitizen.com, a late-model Dodge Calibre in Windsor, Ont., “hopped a curb, zipped across a narrow strip of lawn, crashed through a wooden fence and plunged into the deep end” of a nearby pool. Inside were a man and a woman; neither was injured in the crash. What were the two involved with at the time of the mishap?

a. Text messaging c. A driving lesson
b. Smoking dope d. You don’t want to know.

To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/7.1, July 11 — Hilltop Beauty, French Lessons, Pool-to-Pond Conversion and more

July 11, 2012 WATERSHAPES.COM
Here’s a look at how designer/builder pulled together all the details and put them into a dramatic final form.

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Sad End to a Life Not Well Lived
L.A.’S RODNEY KING DEAD AT 47 – BODY FOUND IN BACKYARD POOL
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Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. A massive event billed as “The World’s Largest Swimming Lesson” took place on June 14 at 11 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time in ____ U.S. states, plus a number of foreign countries. Fill in the blank.

a. 47 b. 48 c. 49 d. 50

2. “For the first time ever,” reports NPR.org, “the U.S. Synchronized Swimming team won’t be at this summer’s Olympics in London. It didn’t qualify to compete.” But two of the team’s members will be competing in the synchronized-swimming duets event. Last August, the two successfully competed in that event at the Pan American Games. What medal did they bring home?

a. Platinum b. Gold c. Silver d. Bronze

3. What washed ashore at a popular New Jersey beach, prompting authorities to close it to swimmers?

a. Severed human limbs c. Medical waste
b. Dead birds and fish d. Hand grenades

To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/6.2, June 20 — Surface Reflections, Houston’s Water Wall, Worthy Causes and more

June 20, 2012 WATERSHAPES.COM

This article, originally published in February 2007, has been digitized for all readers. Once you click ‘more’ on the next screen, you can zoom in on images to study the craftsmanship in detail.  [continue]

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IN SEARCH OF SUPPORT…
U.S. WOMEN’S WATER POLO TEAM POSES NAKED TO GAIN EXPOSURE
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Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. According to fortune.cnn.com, how much money do Americans spend on swimsuits annually?

a. $575 million b. $850 million c. $1 billion d. $1.4 billion

2. The latest book by broadcast journalist and author Lynn Sherr — Swim: Why We Love the Water — was published this past April. The book, observes amazon.com, is “a celebration of swimming and the effect it has on our lives.” Sherr has been best known as a correspondent on what national television program?

a. 20/20 b. 60 Minutes c. Frontline d. Nova

3. Blogging on TheHuffingtonPost.com, Marc Yaggi, executive director of the Waterkeeper Alliance, writes, “The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently estimated that up to _____ people [in America] will become sick after swimming at their favorite beach or swimming hole this year. Despite nearly 40 years of Clean Water Act successes, polluted runoff, sewer overflows, and other human activities are threatening one of our favorite summer pastimes…” Fill in the blank.

a. 925,000 b. 1.75 million c. 3.5 million d. 5.5 million.

To find out how many you got right, click here.

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2012/6.1, June 6 — Hiding Headwaters, Step Lighting, Purposeful Travel and more

June 6, 2012 WATERSHAPES.COM

Creating natural-looking cascades and waterfalls requires the deft handling of a range of technical and aesthetic details – the chief of which, observes watershaper , is effective concealment of the water’s source. Here, this specialist in ultranatural watershapes for residential and commercial clients discusses strategies he uses to hide the headwaters and conjure some distinctly ‘natural’ impressions.

This article, originally published in April 2002, is the first to be digitized for all readers. Once you click ‘here’ on the next screen, you can zoom in on images to study the craftsmanship in detail.  [continue]

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AWARD-WINNING ‘SWIMMING
POOL’ A DELIGHTFUL ANIMATED
SHORT WITH A SURPRISE TWIST
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New Push to Promote Swimming
Lessons for Minority Kids in U.S.

Many water-related stories have been in the news of late — including reports connected to the three questions below.

1. The U.S. government has launched a new campaign to encourage black and Hispanic children to learn how to swim. The campaign is sorely needed: USA Swimming Foundation research shows that some 70 percent of black children and 62 percent of Hispanic children can’t swim. According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission’s recently released annual childhood drowning report, black kids between the ages of five and 14 are ________ times more likely to drown than their white counterparts.

a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five

2. Forty-year-old Erika Braun has qualified for the upcoming U.S. Olympic swimming trials, in advance of the London Olympics. In what event will she compete at the trials?

a. 50m freestyle c. 100m backstroke
b. 100m breaststroke d. 200m butterfly

3. The U.S. Justice Department recently announced that the deadline for implementing controversial new pool-accessibility standards is being postponed to Jan. 31, 2013. Now the government says enforcement of the new rules will be __________.

a. Incremental b. Immediate c. Flexible d. Retroactive.

To find out how many you got right, click here.

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